Biology

Biology is the study of life, living organisms, their environmental interactions, and the applications of such knowledge. It also requires the least amount of mathematics of any science. There are five different principles that define biology are the current essence of biology. The subject of biology is divided into multiple subdisciplines. They are categorized by what they observe, how they are observed, and how they are observed. There are about fifty-six divisions total, the most notable of which being Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, Physiology, Ecology, Taxonomy, and Zoology (along with other organism-specific subdisciplines).
 * Please note that this article is under construction and the author plans to finish it, and will then open it to editing.
 * 1) Cells are the basic unit of life.
 * 2) Genes are the cause of heredity.
 * 3) An organism modifies its temperature to better suit its environment.
 * 4) All organisms must consume energy.
 * 5) New species are the result of evolution.

History
The word biology comes from the Greek words bios (meaning "life") and -logia (meaning "the study of"). There is a word in German (Biologie) that originated in the early 1790s. The word in known to have been used by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck since the mid 1700s (1744-1766).

Although most modern biology is based on recent developments, the study of organisms itself dates back to the origins of human history. Natural philosophy, the relationship between the Earth and its life, has been studied since Mesopotamian times, Ancient Egypt, the Indian Subcontinent, and China. The study of it originated in Ancient Greece, and the study of medicine (a type of biology), dates all the way back to Hippocrates. It was Aristotle, however, that made vast contributions to the study of life. He wrote the "History of Animals" and other works, expanding on the knowledge about life. Other scientists such as Lyceum and Theophrastus created works on botany and other plant sciences.

Scholars of the medieval Muslim world who wrote on biology included Al-Dinawari, who wrote on botany, and other scientists who wrote on anatomy and physiology. Medicine was especially well studied by Muslim scholars working in Greek philosopher traditions, while natural history drew heavily on Aristotle's thoughts, especially in upholding a fixed order of life.

Much of biology was improved upon when a Dutch scientist made drastic improvements on the microscope. Discoveries by Jan Swammerdam led to the further expansion of entomology and dissection procedures.

In the late 1830s (1838 & 1839) biologists discovered the central importance of the single cell and by the 1860s, due to the creation of cell theory, almost all scientists accepted the existence of a basic unit of life.

More coming soon...

Scientists

 * Charles Darwin
 * Louis Pasteur
 * Aristotle

Biology in Fiction
There are vast numbers of biological observations in fictional works including books, movies, poems, and short stories. These are a few of the well known.
 * There is a large number of biological details on Species 8472 of Star Trek: Voyager, including their physiology, telepathy, ships, technology, and home.